Carbureter.



E. AA GBUSHUS.

GARBURETER.

APFLICATLCN FELE SEPT. 20, 1915.

E. A. GRUSHUS.

CARBURETER.

MPL10/umu FILED sEPT.20,191e.

2 SWEETSSHEET Z.

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Application filed September 20, 1916.

To all 707mm, 6' may concern.

Be it known that l, EDWIN A. Gnusnus, a citizen of the United Stat-cs, residing at Midas, in the county of Elko and State of Nevada., have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in larbureters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in carbureter-s, the primary object of my invention being the provision of a carbureter in which the liquid fuel is taken up by the air entering the carbureter because of passage of `such air through a fabric mantle partially immerged in the liquid fuel and acting as a wick.

A further object oi3 my invention consists in the provision of a -carbureter having a novel type' of compound valve structure including a valve seat and superimposed valve disks, one of which forms what may be termed a proportionating disk or valve and the other 'a throttle disk or valve.

In this connection, another vobject which I have irlview is the arrangement of ports or'passages in the valve seat and valves in such a manner that the ordinary ruiming of the engine may be controlled Wholly by adjustment of the throttle valve disk and the proportionating valve disk need be employed only asha means' for varying the rich` ness of the mixture to adapt it to climatic changes and the like. i

A Still 4further object of my invention resides in the construction of a carburetor embodying the above mentioned features in a simple and durable manner the body or casing of the carburetor being `formed in sections which may be readily assembled and which may be easily separated when it is necessary to clean the carbugieter.

With these and other objects :ln vieu', my invent-ion will. he more fully deswibed. illustrated in the accompanying drau'ings-vand then specifically pointed out in the claims which are attached to and forni 'a part of this application.

ln the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view ol a carbureter constructed in accordance with my iuvcntion;

Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the carbu- Fig. 3 is a central vertical sectional View laken on the line of Fig. 2:

Fig. -l is a plan vieu" of the valve 4seat. A.forming disk;

.of the plug and Specification of Letters atent.

Patented Non'. i312, llllf'. serial no. remis.

Fig. 5 is a corresponding view of the pro portionating valve dish; i Y

Fig. G is a` similar vieiv of the valve disk.

Correspending` and like ,warts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all. the rieivs oit the drawings bv 'the saine reference characters. A L

The body or casing of my iniproif'eo carbureter consists of three chief sections l0, ll and 12, the intermediate or main body section 10 being' preferably substantially cylindrical in shape, open at its upper end lower end by a bottom. wall th rottle and closed at its 13. This the float chamber of the f'arbureter and is formed at its upper end with a radially projecting upwardly curved extension ll providing an air inlet passage This exten sion has its side walls projecting substantially tangentially to diainetricallgy opposed portions of the ivall ot the chamber l0 and converging outwardly toward each Aother to extend substantially tangentially to' the upu'ardly directed cylindrical air inlet branch l5 to which may be attached a hot air pipe, if desired. Because otl this shaping of the air inlet passage l5, air entering the upper portion oiE the float chamber passes coinpletely across it.

The bottoni Wall of the float chamber is 'formed centrally with a depeinlin;T internally threaded nipple l? to receive a plug. indicated as a whole by the numeral IS which forms both the valve seat and a nic-ans for attachment for the lower portion l2 of the casing. as Will be later enplaii'ied. This plug 18 has a reduced upper terminal which is threaded into the nipple ll' and is formed centrally ot its louer lace 'with a, threaded sockel; lil which i, uitersected at its inner portion by a, plurality of radially extending3 diametrically disposed slots 20 opening through tl des ot the plug. Beyond the inner end o1 this socket. the plug formed Vwith a cent-ral passage 2l which extends but a slight distance and which opens into a plurality of ui'iwardly diverging branch passages 22 og'ieniugr through the upper end cirouinferentially disposed with respect to the main aassagre 2. rllhis main passage 2l is further provided with a reduced extension F?, through which ijirojects the stein or push rod lot' the i at 9.5. This float 25 is preferably constructed in the torni of an aunulus, being made ci" metal in.

intermediate section constitutes' .lOLl

is admitted through the passages in. .lhe valve stem or push rod is secured to the central portion ol this bottom and tree for sliding movement in the reduced here Q3 of thc plug lo.

livotally mounted in the slots 20, ot' which there are preferably tour, are the valve levers 28 coun'terweiglited at their outer ends, as shown at 29 and having reduced inner ends 3() which constantly engage a ball valve 31. which cooperates with the lo'vver end of the passage 2l to control the flow of fuel into the float chamber. Obviously when the fuel level in the float chanr her reaches a predeterinineo point, the push rod 2d vill he ele\f'ated to pern'iitth :nighted ends of the levers to saving dou` ardly and to litt the ball valve 31 to close the passage 2l.

The lower body or casing; member .l2 is in the form of a. cup, the upper edge ol: which provided .vith an annular scat to rnc-civ.; the loner end of the intermediate iaaly section l0. r[his cup, at its bottom, is .'ormed with an opening and a uut 3l pas sed through this opening anti into the threaded end el: the plugl 158 serves as a` ine-u for securing-the body section l2 to the ctlon l0. This cup shapedfl'iody scction, 2; its loiver portion, is formed with lly extending' fuel inlet branch or pipev threaded at its end in order thata fuel supply pipe 36 may be connected to it by a suitable couijiiing 3T.

A valve seat 'tnming disk 3S rests upon the upper open end of the in iermcdi ate body sf-tion l() and the upper bor y section ll, A`'.vhich is in the shape o't an inverted cup, .uid has its edge Aformed with an annular seat 38 so iiroportioned as to receive the peripheral edge of the disk 3S and to provide a depending flange 39 which will en circle thc upper portion ot the intermediate body section l() in order that the upper and interni( iii-ite body sections and disk may be heldI 1n proper alinement ivith each other. A pin lill, 'projecting from the upper edge el? the body section l0, passes through a aiotch 41 formed in the peripheral edge ol the disk and into a socket 42 termed in the lower edge o't the section ll to holdthc parts, particularly the disk, against turningl movement. The wall ot' the internuuliate luuly section l0, adjacent its upper end. is provided with vertically7 toi-med bosses IIl-l having threaded sockets to receive clamping' bolts l-Ll vvhich are passed through radially project-ineI ears 45 vformed upon lha lovver` edge portion of the upper body section ll. lhis upper body swation, at one side, preterably the side opposite the air inlet passage l5, -is provided with a mixture outlet pasa radi a d6 .vhicli is preferably circular in cross 'ect-ion and which extends vertically from he carbureter propia'1 being at least equal in cross sectional area to cie moss sectional. area ol the air inlet passage l5. "lhe'extension providing this passage etG is formed at its free end vfith a substantially elliptical flange il?" having threaded bores L8 in order that the carbureter may he bolted to the corresponding flange of an'iulet inanitold.

The valve seat forming disk o8 is provided on its under face with an annular depending` and oiitufardly projectingl rib or flange t9 and a conical shaped `frame 50 ot relatively still' foraininous material, such as Wire gauze or netting, has its edge bent invvardlj,7 over the llared lower edge of the llange. ln like manner, a conical mantle 51. ol cloth o1' other suitable material has its edge passed inwardly about the flange, the frame and mantle being; supported in vthis position by a split resilient clamping` ring' 52 which engages a ofthe traine and mantle and which seats between the flange t9 and the disk. The iframe serves to hold the mantle 5l in extended position and the traine and mantle are so proportioned that their apex portions project somewhat below the fuel level in the float chamber.

The disk 3S is thickened cent 'ally in order that a cylindrical bearing socket may be formed in its upper tace to receive the lower end ot the stem Trl ot a proportionat-ing valve disk 'which is fixed to its stein and which rests upon the 'upper face or' the valve seat forming` disk A throttle valve 'formino disk 5G seats upon the upper face ole the proportionating,` valve disk and is 'formed centrally with a sleeve 57 which surrounds the stein .54, both the sleeve and stem projecting; through the upper wall of the upper body section 1l ot the carbureter ivith the stem projecting somewhat beyond the free end of the sleeve. Valve levers 58 and 59 are, secured to the outer or free ends of the valve stem and valve sleeve, respectively, and at their ends are apertured,` as shown at 60, in order that they may be connected to suitable controlling .links or levers so that the valves may be properly controlled from the steering Wheel or dash ot' the vehicle. A helical spring 61 surrounds the valve sleeve 57, engaging at one end o lz the body section ll and at its other end afrainst the upper lace of the throttle valve disk 5G to hold the disks in close frictional engagement with each other.

As best shou'n in Figs. il to (i ot the draWI ingsj the `valve disk S8 is provided with a pair of oppositelx7 formed quarter annulus shaped air ports fz., the valve disk with a similar pair of air ports b, and the valve.

bont the edge portions against the inner face latence disk 56 with a similar pair of air ports c, Also, the valve ydisk B8 is fori/ned with1 al quarter annulus shaped fuel portill of COIlar i siderably lesser Width than the pleitte amb having a lesser radius of curvat-ire, this phi-tl being located in one of the quadrants 'of the disk between theA air ports.` @he valve disk 55 is 'formed With a'siiriil'arl'fuel1 port ,e which is, however, located limnyihe sameY quadrant with onewof the air ports. The valve disk 56 is alsdgformed with a fuel port located in one dfethe quadrants lying be.- tween the air ports-and substantially quarter annulus shaped, the sole difference being that this port tapers uniformly somewhat from one end to the other. its shown in Fig. 3, these various ports are so formed in the valve disks that the fuel ports open within the mantle supporting cage 50, while the air ports open into the float chamber outsid.` of this cage.

First considering merely the valve disks 33 and 55, it will be noted that if the latter is superimposed upon the former in the relaw tive angular positions which they occupy in Figs. -l and 6, the fuel ports l and e will be in absolute registration, while the air ports o of the disk 3S will be lapped by the disk and the air ports l) of the disk 55 will be lapped by the disk 38. By turning 'the disk 55 in a clockwise direction, the passage through the alined fuel ports will be diminished in length, While passages, gradually increasing in length, will be formed by the partially registering air ports a and b. ln normal running position of the carbureter, the yportion indicated at m will. be located atsubstantially the position indicated at f/ en the disk 38. Under these con* ditions, vthe fuel passage provided will, in length, be only equal to substantially onethird of the length of the fuel passages of the disks, while the air passages provided will equal in length about two-thirds of the length of the air passages of the disks. Assuini ng that the valve disk 56 is then applied in the relative angular position shown in Fig. 5, it will be clear.I that the fuel and both of the air passages will be completely closed. If, however, this valve disk 56 is turned in a countercloclm'ise direction, both of the air passages and also the fuel passage will begin to open, the extent of their opening being dependent upon the degreefthrough which tha disk 56 is turned. lnasmuch as the fuel passage of the vdisk 56 increases in Width from that end first overlying the open portion of the fuel passages through the other disks, it will be clear that the fuel passage as a whole not only increases in length until the entire length of such passage open through the disks 38 and 55 is exposed, but further increases in size, `due to an increase in width upon further turning of the disk 55. Beca ase of this, the proportion of fuel and air supplied; to the mixing chamber above the valves is kept uniform for all opening of the valves. The valve disk 56 vconstitutes the throttle valve of thet'arbu;

'reter and governs the amountof explosive mixture furnished to the engine' This'miX- ture may beweakened by turning ,the proportionating valve disk in a-clockwise disuch as gasolene,'1s admitted to the lower casing section and passes the ball valve 3l which is held in depressed position by the push rod :24 of the float and so enters the float chamber until the float has been raised sufficiently to permit closing of the ball valve 3l under the action of its weighted levers '29 when further supply of fuel to the float chamber will, of course, be out olf. Assuming that the valve disks 38 and 55 are set in normal running position, as previously explained. and that the valve disk 56 is so set as to close all passages through the valves, the operator will turn the throttle valvedisk in a counterclockwise directionl through a relatively small angle to slightly open both the fuel and air passages. The engine may then be started -in the usual manner, after which the throttle valve disk may be further turned in one direction or another to increase or decrease the speed of the engine at will. The lower end of the cloth or fabric mantle 5l being immersed in the liquid fuel becomes saturated with such fuel and the .-fuel is drawn up to completely saturate the entire mantle by capillary attraction. Under 'these conditions, the air drawn by the engine cylinders in the carbureter through the passage 15-is drawn partially to the -mixing chamber above the valves through the air passages and partially through the mantle and the fuel passages. That portion of the air drawn through the mantle takes up liquid fuel from the mantle in the vform of a very fine vapor and this mixed air and vapor, which would be too rich to provide a suitable explosive mixture, enters the mixing chamber and is there commingled with the air entering through the air passages and which has taken up little, if any, fuel from the Wick to provide a proper explosive mixture.

All air passing through the mantle, irre specti've of the rate of speed of its passage, Will take up liquid fuel in the form of a very fine vapor so that a good explosive mixture is insured at all speeds of the engine and no adjustments of the carburetor, save those necessitated by climatic changes and like causes, are necessary.

ln operation, any suitable liquid fuel,

sev

5o Causing Obviously. various changes in construetion may be made without in the slightest degl-el departing from the spirit of my in- `veniion and l, therefore7 reserve theright to malte any alterations which may iall u'ithin the seopc oi. the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, u'hat is claimed as new is:

l. in a carburetor, a float chamber, a mixing chamber. means in the vfioat Chamber for holding' 'Fuel in suspension, means for admitting air to the 'lloat chamber, and means controlling the passage of air -from the iioat chamber lo the mixingchamber, said. means permitting dii-eet passage of pari olI il air to the mixing chamber and rausing` the remainder of the air to pass through the tuel suspending means before iis admission to the mixing chamber.

2. ln a rarbuieter. a lioat chamber. a mixing chamber, means in the iioat chamber for `holding Vfuel in suspension7 means for admitting air to the iioat chamber, and means controlling the passage di" air from lhe iloat chamber to the mixing elnimber,` said means ,permitting direct passage ol part olv the air lo the mixing" chamber, rausing the remainder olf the air to pass lhrough the tuel suspending` means before ils admissionto the n'iixingiehamber and being adjustable to vary the combined amount of air so admitted.

ln a earlmreter. a lioat chamber, a mixing chamber, means in the `ioat ehamber 'tor holding fuel in suspension. means tor admitting air to the float chambery' and means e/.iutrollingthe passage oli air :from the lioat .chamber to the mixing chamber, said means ijiermitting dii-eet passage of part of the air to the mixing chamber, causing` the remainder ofi the air 'to pass through the fuel suspending means before its :uilmission to the mixing'ehamber and being adjustable to vary the proportions of airv directly admitted and of admitted through the fuel suspending means.

4. ln a carburetor, a float eli-amber, a mixing chamber7 mansdn theioat chamber for holding fuel in suspension, means 'for admitting air to the float chamber, and means controllingthe passage of air from theiioat chamber tothe mixing chamber,- AsaidI means permitting direct passage of partof the air to the mixing chamber,

.the .remainder of the air to pass through the fuel suspending means before its admission to the mixing chamber and being adjustable to vary the'proportiens of air directly admitted and ol air admitted through the fuel suspending means and further adjustable to limit the total amount oi air admitted to the mixing chamber.

ln a Carburetor, a float chamber, a mixing chamber, a. ported valve seat' sepa e5 rating the two, means for adinitting air to the aloe float chamber, means Within the ioat chamber 'for holding i'uel in suspension.J` and. valves cooperating with each other and with the valve 'seat governing the amount oi air admitted from the float chamber to the mixing chamber.

6. ln a. carburetor, a vfloat chamber, a mixing chamber, a ported valve seat separating the tivo, means for admitting air to the float chamber7 means Within the float chamber tor holding fuel in suspension, and valves ooperatii'ig with each. other and with the valve. seat governing the passage of air to the mixing chamber whereby a portion ot the air passes directly to the mixing enamber and the remainder passes to the mixing chamber through the fue suspending means.

7. ln a carburetor, a iloat chamber, a mixing ohamber. a ported valve seat separating the twd, means for admitting air to the float chamber, an absorbent body adapted to project partially into tbe fuel Icontained in the float chamber and surrounding` one of the ports in the valve seat whereby a portion of the air passage to the mixing chamber Will be drawn through tbe absorbent body, and means governing the passage of air through the ports of the valve. seat.

.8. ln a carburetor, a float 4chamber, a mixing chamber. a ported valve seat separating the two, means for admitting air to the float chamber7 an absorbent body adapted to project partially into the fuel mintained :in the float chamber and surrounding one of the ports in the valve seat whereby a portion of the air passing to the the absorbent body, and means governing` the passage of air through the ports of the valve seat, said means including a proportionating valve cooperating with the ported valve seat to fix the proportions of air passing directly from` the iioat chamber to the mixing' chamber and passing Jfrom the float chamber through the absorbent body to the mixing chamber.

9. In a carburetor, a oat chamber, a

mixing Chamber, a ported valve seat sepa# rating the two, means foradmitting air to the loat chamber, an absorbent body adapted to project partially into the fuel contained in the float chamber and sur rounding one of the ports in the valve seat whereby a portion oit the air passingto the mixing chamber will be drawn through :lia

mixing chamber will be drawn 'through the absorbent body, and means governing the passage of air through the ports of the valve seat, said means including a proportionating valve eoperating with the ported valve seat to tixv the proportions oit air passing directly from the oat chamber 'to the mixing chamber and passing from the float chamber through the absorbent body to the mixing chamber, andI a throttle valve for controlling the total amount of air passing from the lioat chamber to the mixing chamber.

l0. In a carbureter, a float chamber, a mixing chamber, a ported valve seat separating the two, means for admitting air to the float chan'iber, an absorbent body adapted to project partially into the fuel contained in the float chamber and surrounding one of the ports in the valve seal whereby a portion of the air pasing to the mixing chaining;l will be drawn through the absorbent body, and means governing the passage of air through the ports of the valve seat, said means including a proportionating valve cope ating With the ported valve seat Vto lix the proportions of air passing directly from the lioat chamber to the mixing chamber and passing from the lloal chamber through the absorbent body to the mixing chamber and a throttle valve for controlling the total amount of air passing from the float chamber to the mixing chamber, said throttle valve being arranged to increase the proportion of the amount of air passing through the absorbent body to the amount of air passing` directly to the mixing chamber upon in crease of the total amount of air passing from one chamber to the other.

11. In a carburet-er, ay float chamliier having an air inlet, a mixing chan'iber, a valve seat cutting olf connnunication between .he tvvo and provided With a fuel port and an air port, a valve disk resting upon the valve seat and provided `with corresponding fuel and air ports capable of being brought into more or less con'iiilete registration with the correspondim ports of the seat, a second valve dish ei-ffn: ging the first valve. disk and provided ivith fuel and air ports capable of being brought' into more or less complete registration Lvvilh the corresponding ports of the first valve disk, and.l an absorbent bod)7 supported by the valve seat and adapted to projectpartially below the surface of the fuel in the float chamber and so disposed that air drawn through it will pass through the alined fuel ports of the ifalve seat and disks.

12. ln a carbureter, a float chamber, a miX- ing chamber, means for suppl )Jing air to the loat chamber, a valve seat having a fuel port and an air poriy separating the chambers, a lange depending from the valve seat, a. conical mantle of absorbent material secured t0 the flange with its smaller end depending beloW the fuel level of the float chamber, that end of the niantle engaging the flange inclosing the fuel portof the valve seat, and means c operating with the valve seat for controlling the passage of air to mixing chamber.

13. ln a carbureter, float chamber, mixing chamber, .means for supplying air to theI seat for controlling the pa, ge of air to the mixing chainlm', .sind means including a proportionating valve governing the proportion of air which ,shall pass through the fuel pas@ 'i with respect to the proportion or air vfh .shall pass through the an' passage.

ll. In a carbureter, a lloat chamber, a, mir;- ing chamber, means for supplying air to the float chamber, a valve seat having a fuel port and an air port separating the chainbers, a llange depending from the valve seat, a conical mantle of absorbent material .secured to the llange with its smaller end depending beloiv the fuel level of the lloat chan'iber, that endof the mantle engaging the flange inclosing the fuel port of the valve seat, and means cooperating with the valve seat for controlling the passage of air to the mixing chamber, said means including proi'ioriionating valve governing the proportion of air which shall pass through the fuel passage with respect to the proportion of air which shall through the air passage, and a throttle valve controlling the total amount of air which shall pass.

15. In a carbureter, an intermediate fuel chamber fornfiing body section closed at its lower end and open at its upper end, a fuel valve cage engaging through the closed end of the body member, a lou-er fuel inlet bodymember formed ivith a seat to receive th-zA intermediate body,7 member, securing mean,` passed through the lower body member and engaging the 'Valve cage to lock the liodgv lmembers together, means for admitting air to the fuel chamber to take 'up fuel ltherein, a valve seat closing the upper end of the intern'iediate body member providing passage for fuel and air, and an upper body member forming a mixing chamber engag ing the periphery of the valve seat and formed with a flange encircling the upper edge of the intermediate body member.

Intestimony ,whereof l ailiX my signature.

EDWlN A. GRUSHUS. [na] Ulti 

